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Scope of HTML Programming
Role in Web Development:
- Foundation: Serves as the building block for all websites.
- Content Presentation: Determines how content is displayed on a web page.
- SEO: Influences search engine rankings through proper structure and semantic markup.
- Accessibility: Ensures websites are usable by people with disabilities through appropriate HTML elements and attributes.
- Integration with Other Technologies: Works seamlessly with CSS for styling and JavaScript for interactivity.
Objectives of HTML Programming
The primary objectives of HTML programming are:
- Create structured web pages: Develop well-organized and visually appealing web content.
- Present information effectively: Organize content in a clear and logical manner for easy understanding.
- Enhance user experience: Design web pages that are user-friendly and accessible.
- Integrate multimedia: Incorporate images, videos, and audio to enrich content.
- Build interactive elements: Create forms and other interactive components for user engagement.
- Optimize for search engines: Structure HTML code to improve search engine visibility (SEO).
UNIT – 1
1. Introduction to HTML
- What is HTML?: Understanding the role of HTML in web development.
- History and Evolution: Overview of HTML versions, from HTML to HTML5.
- Basic Structure of an HTML Document: DOCTYPE declaration,
<html>,<head>,<title>, and<body>tags.
UNIT – 2
2. HTML Elements and Attributes
- Elements and Tags: Understanding HTML elements and their structure.
- Attributes: Global attributes (id, class, style, title, etc.) and element-specific attributes.
UNIT – 3
3. Text Formatting and Styles
- Text Elements: Headings (
<h1>to<h6>), paragraphs (<p>), line breaks (<br>), and horizontal rules (<hr>). - Text Formatting Tags: Bold (
<b>,<strong>), italic (<i>,<em>), underline (<u>), and more. - Inline vs. Block Elements: Differences and examples of inline and block elements.
UNIT – 4
4. Lists
- Ordered Lists: Creating numbered lists using
<ol>and<li>. - Unordered Lists: Creating bulleted lists using
<ul>and<li>. - Definition Lists: Using
<dl>,<dt>, and<dd>to define lists.
UNIT – 5
5. Links and Navigation
- Creating Links: Using the
<a>tag with href attribute. - Internal vs. External Links: Linking within the same page and to external pages.
- Anchor Links: Linking to specific parts of a page using
idattribute.
UNIT – 6
6. Images and Multimedia
- Inserting Images: Using the
<img>tag with src, alt, width, and height attributes. - Embedding Multimedia: Embedding audio (
<audio>) and video (<video>) content with controls.
UNIT – 7
7. Tables
- Creating Tables: Using
<table>,<tr>,<th>, and<td>tags. - Table Attributes: Border, cellpadding, cellspacing, and more.
- Table Headers and Footers: Using
<head>,<body>, and<foot>.
UNIT – 8
8. Forms and Input
- Creating Forms: Using the
<form>tag with action and method attributes. - Form Elements: Input types (text, password, email, number, etc.),
<textarea>,<select>,<option>,<button>, and more. - Form Validation: Basic form validation using HTML attributes (required, pattern, etc.).
UNIT – 9
9. HTML5 Semantic Elements
- Introduction to HTML5 Semantics: Understanding the importance of semantic elements.
- Common Semantic Elements:
<header>,<nav>,<section>,<article>,<aside>,<footer>, and more. - ARIA Roles and Accessibility: Enhancing web accessibility with ARIA roles.
UNIT – 10
10. CSS Basics (Introduction)
- What is CSS?: Understanding the role of CSS in web design.
- Inline, Internal, and External CSS: Different ways to apply CSS to HTML.
- Basic CSS Syntax: Selectors, properties, and values.
UNIT – 11
11. Responsive Web Design (Introduction)
- Introduction to Responsive Design: Importance and principles of responsive design.
- Viewport Meta Tag: Using
<meta name="viewport">. - Media Queries: Basic introduction to CSS media queries for responsive design.
UNIT – 12
12. HTML Best Practices
- Code Organization: Writing clean, well-organized, and maintainable HTML code.
- Validation: Using W3C HTML validator to ensure code validity.
- Accessibility: Ensuring web accessibility for users with disabilities.
Recommended Books and Resources
- “HTML and CSS: Design and Build Websites” by Jon Duckett: A visually-rich guide to HTML and CSS.
- “Learning Web Design: A Beginner’s Guide to HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and Web Graphics” by Jennifer Niederst Robbins: Comprehensive introduction to web design.
- Online Resources: MDN Web Docs, W3Schools, freeCodeCamp.
Practical Assignments
- Creating Simple Web Pages: Building basic web pages with text, links, images, and lists.
- Developing Forms: Creating and validating forms for user input.
- Building a Personal Portfolio: Designing a simple portfolio website using HTML.
- Responsive Design Project: Creating a responsive webpage using HTML and basic CSS.
Practical Skills
- Web Page Creation: Building web pages from scratch using HTML.
- Form Handling: Creating and managing forms for user input.
- Responsive Design: Understanding and applying basic principles of responsive design.
- Code Validation: Ensuring code quality and standards compliance.