Syllabus of PHP Programming

Unit 1: Introduction to PHP

• Overview of PHP: History, features, and advantages of PHP.
• Installation: Setting up a PHP environment (XAMPP, WAMP, or LAMP).
• Basic Syntax: PHP tags, comments, variables, data types, and operators.
• PHP and HTML: Embedding PHP in HTML and vice versa.

Unit 2: Control Structures

• Conditional Statements: if, else, elseif, switch.
• Loops: for, while, do-while, foreach.
• Control Statements: break, continue, exit.

Unit 3: Functions and Arrays

• Functions: Defining and calling functions, function parameters, return values, variable scope, built-in functions.
• Arrays: Indexed arrays, associative arrays, multidimensional arrays, array functions.

Unit 4: Working with Forms

• Form Handling: GET and POST methods, form validation, form processing.
• Form Security: Preventing common security threats like XSS and CSRF.

Unit 5: String Manipulation and Regular Expressions

• String Functions: strlen, strpos, substr, str_replace, etc.
• Regular Expressions: Pattern matching and replacement, using preg_match, preg_replace.

Unit 6: File Handling

• File Operations: Reading and writing files, file pointers, file upload handling.
• File Functions: fopen, fread, fwrite, fclose, file_get_contents, file_put_contents.

Unit 7: PHP and Databases

• Database Connectivity: Connecting to a MySQL database using MySQLi and PDO.
• Executing Queries: SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE operations.
• Prepared Statements: Using prepared statements to prevent SQL injection.
• Database Interaction: Fetching data, displaying results, handling errors.

Unit 8: Session and Cookie Management

• Sessions: Starting a session, storing and retrieving session data, session management.
• Cookies: Setting cookies, retrieving cookie values, cookie expiration.

Unit 9: Object-Oriented PHP

• OOP Concepts: Classes, objects, properties, methods, constructors, destructors.
• Inheritance: Extending classes, overriding methods.
• Access Modifiers: Public, private, protected.
• Advanced OOP: Interfaces, abstract classes, traits.

Unit 10: Error Handling and Debugging

• Error Types: Notices, warnings, errors.
• Error Handling: Custom error handling, using try-catch blocks for exception handling.
• Debugging: Using debugging tools and techniques, PHP error logging.

Unit 11: PHP Frameworks and CMS

• Introduction to Frameworks: Overview of popular PHP frameworks like Laravel, Symfony, CodeIgniter.
• Content Management Systems: Introduction to CMS like WordPress, Joomla, and Drupal.